I had to deal with a really poor education during my school years, so, for that matter, I have for a long time been (re)teaching myself some of the subjects I (didn’t) learn at school. One of those involves economic ideologies/systems like communism or capitalism.
I have a vague idea of what each one is about thanks to common sense, but it is kind of a shame being an adult and not knowing much about them.
So… where do I start from?
Start with reading Wikipedia articles.
This won’t answer all your questions, but it will give you paths to investigate.
Some articles will be written as if you already know the subject matter, but they should give you enough stuff to keep digging.
This won’t give you a degree in any of this, but it will give you plenty of puzzle pieces to build on as you see fit.